syntax

what is syntax ???

Syntax is one of the branch of linguistics that studies the rules that determine how the words form phrases and phrases to form sentences. Etymologically the term syntax is putting together words into sentences and groups of words or groups of words into sentences.

kata sinteksis berasal dari yunani (sun= dengan + tattein menempatkan) jadi kata sinteksis secara etimologi berarti menmpatkan bersama sama kata menjadi kelompok kata atau kalimat.

menurut farrys (1993:304)

sintesis merupakan studi menghubungkan kata dengan kata dan membetuk satuan yang akan lebih lagi yaitu frase, klausa dan kalimat.

part of syntax

A.phrase

Phrase is a group of two or more words that express a single idea but do not usually form a complete sentence.

Type of Phrase	Information and examples
Noun  Phrase	A noun phrase consist of a noun and other related words (usually get determiners). It functions like a noun in a sentence. Examples: a nice red skirt, a glass, the girl with blue eyes
Prepositional Phrase	A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition, object of preposition (noun or pronoun) and may also consist of other modifiers. A prepositional phrase functions as an adjective or adverb in a sentence. Examples: The man in the room is our teacher.             (As adjective) She is shouting in a loud voice.           (As adverb)
Verb Phrase	A verb phrase is a combination of main verb and auxiliaries (helping verbs) in a sentence. Examples: He is eating an orange She has finished her assignment
Adjective Phrase	An adjective phrase is a group of words that functions like an adjective in a sentence to a noun or pronoun. Examples: The girl with brown hair is writing a letter She is a beautiful girl in the class
Adverb Phrase	An adverb phrase is a group of words that functions as an adverb in a sentence. It consists of adverbs or other words (preposition, noun, verb) Examples: She reads this chapter novel loudly

b.clause

Clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a predicate. A clause is either independent or dependent. There are two main categories of clauses, they are:

·         An independent clause (main clause) is a complete sentence. It contains the main subject and verb of a sentence.

Ex: meri lives in Bandung

·         A dependent clause (subordinate clause) is not a complete sentence. It must be connected to an independent clause.

Ex: When my sister arrived, I was washing the clothes.

c.sentence

Sentence is the largest grammatical unit in language. Usually containing a verb and a predicate.

Simple sentence ialah kalimat yang terdiri dari satu independent clause

Example: I go to campus in this morning

Compound sentence ialah kalimat yang terdiri dari dua atau lebih dari satu independent clause

Example: Siti and Susi wake up at 5.00 am, and they cook fried rice together

Source:

1 .http://people.umass.edu/scable/LING201-SP13/Slides-Handouts/Syntax-Basics.pdf

2. http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~kathy/NLP/ClassSlides/Class5-Syntax09/lecture-2009-09-22.pdf